Orchidectomy
(Treatment for Testicular cancer)
Orchidectomy
(Treatment for Testicular cancer)
Orchidectomy is the surgical removal of one or both testicles and is a critical treatment for testicular cancer, the most common cancer in young men aged 15 to 35. The procedure is typically the first line of defense after a testicular mass is detected through physical examination or imaging.
Procedure Details
Surgical Technique:
- The procedure involves making a small incision in the groin through which the affected testicle is removed along with the spermatic cord.
- This approach allows for both the removal of cancerous tissue and accurate staging of the disease, which is crucial for determining the next steps in treatment.
Pathological Examination:
- Following orchidectomy, the excised tissue is examined by a pathologist to confirm the type of cancer, which is usually either seminoma or non-seminoma.
- This distinction is important, as it guides subsequent treatment options, including surveillance, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy.
Psychological Impact
- While orchidectomy is a lifesaving procedure, it can have significant psychological impacts on patients.
- Many experience concerns about body image, sexuality, and masculinity, making psychological support an important component of post-operative care.
Post-Operative Considerations
Hormone Levels and Fertility:
- In cases where only one testicle is removed, the remaining testicle can often maintain normal hormone levels and fertility. Some men may choose to bank sperm before surgery as a precaution.
- For those undergoing bilateral orchidectomy, lifelong hormone replacement therapy is necessary to maintain secondary sexual characteristics and bone health.
Effectiveness and Cure Rate:
The procedure is highly effective, with a cure rate exceeding 95% in early-stage testicular cancer.
Overall, orchidectomy is a crucial intervention in the management of testicular cancer, and considerations regarding both physical and psychological health are essential for comprehensive patient care.
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